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Faculty of EMS Postgraduate guide: Referencing & Citation

Guide for Postgraduates Students: EMS

What is Referencing

A full description of each source you have cited, listing them in alphabetical order by the author's last name.

What is Citation

you cite your source by providing the last name of the author and the year of publication.

What is a Reference List

The list of all the sources you have actually cited in the paper. The list should be organized alphabetically according to the writer’s surname.

What is a Bibliography

Bibliography is the list of books and journals referred in the making of a dissertation or a thesis. This includes all the sources you have consulted even if you have not cited them in your paper.

Example: Harvard Referencing a Book

           Author, Initial. Year of publication. Book Title. Place of Publication: Publisher.

               ò        ò     ò                                    ò                               ò                   ò

         Hollander, S. (2019). The Economics of Adam Smith. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Example Harvard Referencing a Journal Article

           Author, Initial. Year of publication. Article Title. Journal Title

ò    ò           É                                            ò                               ò                  

Atif, A. (2019). Economic Globalisation and Youth Unemployment. International Economic Journal, 33(2): 269. http://doi.org/10.1080/10168737.2019.1604787

  ñ     Ç         Ç               Ç                                    

Volume(issue): page no. DOI

Referencing a newspaper article

SPU Referencing Guide

SPU Reference guide